Forging-dies.



W. D. FORSYTH.

FORGING DIES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 21-1914.

I Patented Oct. 19, 19-15.

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FORGING DIES.

APPUCATION FILED NOV. 21. 1914.

Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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FORGING DIES.

1,157,212. APPLICATION FIILED NOV. 27. I914. Patented 19, 5 EEEEEEEEEEEE 4.

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APPLICATION FILED NOV. 27, 1914. 1,157,212. Patented Oct. 19, 1915.

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WILLIAM YD. FoiisYTH. F YOUNGSTOWN, 01110. ASSIGNOR TO RAILWAY PRODUCTS -'C0RJ?0IEtA'J.ION, E BUFFALO. NEW YORK. A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I. VILLIAM D/FoRsYTrr, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of .the city of Youngstown, in the county of Mahoningand State of Ohio, have invented a. new and useful Improvement in Forging Di'esc-pf which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to dies for forging or. shaping metal blanks by pressure.

The invention relates particularly to dies which can be used to perform a step in the method of making car parts described in my Patent No. 1,125,296, dated January 19, 1915, namel v, the step'in which a channelshaped blank, whose bottom or web has the middle portion thereof separated from'the side portions of said blank -.and stretched longitudinally, isforged into a truss member, which truss member constitutes nart of a car truck side frame;

The invention has for one of its principal fobj'ects two cooperating dies which are iidapted to -receive a channehshaped blank whose bottom or web has the middle portion thereof separated from the side portions of said blank; and which dies will displace said middle-portion of the bottom of 'the blank relatively to the end portions of said blank infa direction perpendicular to the plane of said middle bottom portion; and which dies will simultaneously bend a flange along each longitudinal edge of said middle portion of the bottom ofthe blank for part of its length midway of its ends.

A further object of the invention is two coiiperating dies which will not only perform the above mentioned operations. but will also displace the side portlonsof said blank at theinmiddles relatively to the end portions of said blank in a direction opposite to the direction in which the middle portion of the. bottom said blank is displaced.

Further objects of the invention are to attain certain advantages which will be more fully set forth hereinafter.

Generally stated, the invention consists of two cooperating dies, the lower die being adapted to support the side portions of the blank and having a space in its upper face into which the middle portion of the bot tom of the blank can be displaced, and the upper die being adapted to engage the middie portion of the bottom of said blank and,

Specification of Letters Patent.

FORGING-DIESI.

Patented Oct. 19. 191;.

Application filed November 27, 1914. Serial No. 874,191.

in which like symbols refer to like parts;

wherever they occur. Figure 1- is a vertical longitudinal section along a median line through two dies embodying the invention: F g. 2 is a top plan view of the lower die; F g. 3 1s a cross-section on the line3-3 on Flg. 1; Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the upper die: Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the upper die; Fig. 6 is an end elevation of the two dies showing them brought together: Fig. 7 is a section on the line 77'on Fig. 1: Fig. 8 is a vertical longiti'idinal section of two dies embodying the in ention. showing'a modified construction Fig. I) is' a top plan viewof the lower die of the modified construction: Fig. 10 is a ,side elevation of the upper die of the modified construction:

' Fig. 11 is a bottom plan view of the upper 'is a side elevation-of the forging shown in Fig. 16; Fig. 18 is an end elevation of the forging shown in Fig. 16: Fig. 19 is a" side elevation of the forging made by the dies of the modified construction: Fig. 20 is an end elevation of the forging shown in Fig. 19.

The dies shown in the accompanying drawings are designed to receive a blank 1 (see Figs. 13, 11 and 15). The dies for making this blank 1 are shown and described inanother application filed by me on the same day this application was filed. The blank. 1 consists of a plate which has been bent into a channel-shape. The middle portion 2 of the bottom or web of the channelshaped blank 1 is separated from the side portions 3 of said blank, and said middle portion 2 is bent sinusoidally lengthwise. The side portions 3 of the blank 1 are farther apart. throughout a region midway of The dies the ends of the blank 1 than throughout the portion of itslength at each end thereof has end portions of said blank.

The dies hereinafter described operate to produce certain changes in the shape of the blank 1 above described, namely, first, the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank is displaced from its original position in a direction perpendicular to its plane, and simultaneously straightened into the shape wherein it comprises a straight middle p0. tion 4 and two outwardly and upwardly inclined portions 5 (see Fig. 17). Second, the

side portions 3 of the blank are displaced at their middles in a direction opposite to the direction inwhich the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank is displaced. Third, each longitudinal edge portion of the displaced middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank, for part of its length at its middle is bent downwardly, whereby integral flanges 6 (see Figs. 16, 17 and 18) are formed along the longitudinal edges of said displaced middle portion through a region midway of its ends. In the preferred construction of the dies shown in the Figs. 1 to 7 the dies operate to produce a further change in theshape of a blank, namely, an up wardly projecting protuberance or hump 7 is made 1n each of the inclined portions 5 of the displaced middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank, said protuberances being U-shaped in cross-section and extending longitudmally of said inclined portions. The shape into which the blank 1 is pressed by the preferred form of the dies is shown in Figs. 16, 17 and 18. Thesechanges in the shape of the blank 1 are accomplished by one movement of the dies together,

Referring to the accompanying drawings, particularly to Figs. 4 and 5, the upper die or punch A, according to preferred construe-- tion, preferably comprises two like parts which are bolted or otherwise'fastened together end to end, so that said upper die A may be made more easily. The upper die A is also recessed or hollowed out to make it lighter. The upper die A is fastened in a suitable manner to the ram or plunger of a "die press.

Referring to the outline of the upper die A in a horizontal plane, said upper die is widest throughout a region midway of its ends. Outwardly in both directions from said middle region said die uniformly decreases in width to a point a short distance from the corresponding end of said die, said distance being e uivalent to about one-sixth of the total lengt of the die; and from each point to the respective end of the die; said dies is of uniform width. Thus, the shape of the upper die A in a horizontal lane conforms to the shape of the blank 1 (see Fig. 13).

Referring to the outline of the upper die A 1n a vertical plane, said upper die for a face 9' and are arranged one along each side A thereof; Said flanges ,11 form-between them a groove 12, whichis rectangular in the cross-section. In each inclined under face 10 of the upper die A is;a longitudinal recess '13 U-shaped in cross-section which is deepest and widest near :its middle and decreases in width and depth toward its ends. Each recess 13 extends nearly the full length of the corresponding inclined under face 10.

Formed on each side wall of the upper die A is a laterally projecting shoulder 14 which is located above the end under faces -8. Each shoulder 14 is horizontal for the greater part of the length of the upper die A between the ends thereof and curves outwardly and downwardly near the ends of said die.

The lower die B (see Figs. 1 and 2) comprises two side members 15' arranged one on each side "of a middle member or movable bottom 16 for said lower die. Each side "member 15 preferably consists of several pieces, in order that it may be made more easily. The inner side walls of the side members 15 of the lower die B, that is,' the walls which are adjacent to the movable bottom 16, are vertical. Said inner side walls of the side members 15 are farther apartthroughout a region midway of the ends of the lower die B and converge toward each end of said lower die, so that thespaceibetween said inner walls of said side members 15 has the same shape in a horizontal plane as the upper die A. The side members 15 are fastened to the bolster or bed-plate of the press by bolts (not shown) which pass through the' slots 17 in said .side members. The upper faces of the side members 15 conform to they contour of the shoulders 14 of the upper die A.

The movable bottom 16 of the lower die preferably consists of four parts which are fastened together, in order that it may be more easily made. Said movable bottom 16 comprises two like end, parts 18 which'are fastened to a block or bar 19 which constitutes the bottom longitudinal part of said "movable-bottom. The two end parts 18 of tance between the the thin strips of metal 27 may beremoved in the top face of said block 19. Said end parts 18 have a fla upper face 21 at each end and two inclined upper faces extending inwardly and downwardly. The upper end faces 21 and the upper inclined facts 22 of the end parts 18-of the movable bottom 16 correspond to the under end faces 8 and under inclined faces 10 of the upper die A, so that when the dies A and B are brought together, their respective end faces and their respective inclined faces are equidistant throughout. Between the inner adjacent ends of the end parts 18 of the lower die B is a middle pa: t-23, which is only about onethird as wide assaid end parts, so that there is a space between said middle part 23 and the inner side walls of the side members 15 of the lower die B. The middle part 23 of the movable bottom'16 is sufliciently narrower than the groove 12 between the two flanges 1.1 of the upper die A so that there is a space equal to the thickness of the middle portion 2 of the blank between each flange 11 and said middle part. The inclined face 22 of each end part 18 of the lower die B is cut away near each side thereof, and near the middle part 23, in a plane inclined downwardly and inwardly. Between said cut away portions said end parts 18 are equal in width to the middle part 23. The inclined face 22 of each end part 18 of the lower die B is formed with an upwardly projecting ridge24 which has the same shape as the recess 13 in each inclined under face 10 of the upper die A.

Extendin across each end of the lower die B is a clip or tie bar 25, which has hooked ends. Each side member 15 of the lower die B has avertical. seat 26 at each end thereof (see Fig.v 6i. The hooked ends of each clip 25 hook over the seats 26 at the corresponding ends of theside members 15, there being several thin strips of metal 27 interposed between each hooked end of each clip 25 and the corresponding seat 26. These clips 25 keep the side members 15 from spreading apart. \Vhen it is desired to adjust the disside members 15, some of or others inserted.

In the operation of the dies hereinbefore described grad sh'own in Figs. 1 to 7, the blank (see Fi'gs'f13, 14 and 15) is placed in the lower die B. The side portions, 3 of the blank fit between the inner side walls of the side members 15 of said lower die. The narrow flanges along the side portions 3 of the blank rest upon the top face of the side members 15 of the lower die, and hold said side portions 3 of the blank from moving downwardly. As the upper die A descends it passes between the side portions 3 of the blank and engages the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank. This middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank is straightened out and pressed downwardly into a shape conforming to the middle under face 9 and the end under faces 8 of the upper die. Near the end of the movement of the dies together, the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank for part of its length at its middle strikes the middle part 23 of the movable bottom 16 of the lower die B. During the last part of the movement of the dies together the flanges 1]., which project below the under surface of the upper die A, strike the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank and press said middle portion against the middle part 23 of the mova'ile bottom 16 of the lower die, thereby bending a longitudinal flange along each edge of the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank for part of its length at its middle. Also, during the last partof the movement of the dies together, the upwardly projecting ridges 24 of the lower die B partly enter the recesses 13 of the upper die A, thereby forming protuberances or humps 7 in the inclined portions 5 of the middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank (see Figs. 16, 17 and 18). The end under faces 8 of the upper die A engage the end portions of the blank and press them downwardly; and since the side portions 3 of the blank are supported by the side members 15 of the lower die B, said side portions 3 of the blank are displaced upwardly relative to the plane of the end portions of the blank.

In the final movement of the dies A and B together, the shoulders 14 of the upper die A engage the narrow flanges which extend along the side portions 3 of the blank, and bend said side portionsso that their upper edges conform to the contour of the shoulders 14. Thus the blank 1 is pressed by the dies into the shape shown in Figs. 16, 17 and 18.

In the modified construction of the dies shown in Figs. 8 to 12, the dies operate to produce the same three changes in the shape of the blank which are, produced by the dies hereinbefore described and shown in Figs. 1 to 7. In the modified construction, however, instead of formin an upwardly projecting protuberance 7 in each of the inclined portions 5 of the displaced middle portion 2 of the bottom of the blank, the dies engage said inclined portions 5 for only part of their width, leaving the edge portions of said inclined portions 5 free to twist or bend. The edge portions of each of said inclined portions 5-near the. upper end thereof are bent to project upwardly, whereas near their lower end said inclined portions 5 have their edge portions bent to project downwardly. Consequently between the upper and lower ends of said inclined portions 5 the edge portions of said inclined portions are twisted through an angle of about 180 degrees (see Fig. 19).

In the modified construction, the upper die or punch C (see Figs. 10 and 11) has the same general shape as the upper die A hereinbefore described. The :upper die C has t e same longitudinal la erally projecting s oulder 14 along each s'de wall thereof as the upper die A has. Ab ve the shoulders 14 the upper die C has the same outline in a hprizontal plane as the upper die A, but below said shoulders 11, the upper die C between its ends and the region midway of its'ends where it is widest is of uniform w'idthJ, ,The upper die C has the same outline in a vertical plane as the upper die A except that the U-shaped recesses 13 in the under inclined face 10 of the upper die A are omitted. The lower die D of the modified construction (see Figs.,8, 9 and 12) has the same general shape and construction as the lower die B hereinbefore described. The lower die D, however, has integral with the inner side wallof each of the side members 15 a rectangular projection 28, whose upper face forms a narrow horizontal shoulder at a short distance below the upper faces of said side members 15. These shoulders are about as wide as the side portions 3 of the blank are thick, and are designed to support said side portions 3 at their middles when the blank is placed in the lower die D. A furflier difference between the lower die D and th lower (1 .8 B consists in the inclined face 22 of each end part 18 thereof being cut awav more in the lower die D than in the lower die B, so that the portions of the end pzti'ts 18 which are as wide as the middle part 23 are longer in the lower die D than in the lower die B.

In the operation of the dies of the modified construction, the blank is placed in the lower die D, the side portions 3 of said blank resting upon the shoulders formed by the projections 28. The middle portion 2 of the blank is displaced downwardly, and the longitudinal flanges 6 are formed on said displaced middle portion in the same way as'in the case of the preferred construction of the dies. Between the ends of the flanges 6 and the ends of the displaced middle portion 2, the edge portions of said middle portion 2 are not confined by the dies and are free to twist. The side portions 3 of the blank, b ing supported at their middles by the p ections 28 "while the end portions of the blank are being forced downwardly by the upper die, are displaced upwardly in a direction opposite to the direction in which the middle portion 2 of the blank is displaced. The shape of the blank after it has been forged by the dies of the modified construction is shown in Figs. 19 and 20.

In both the preferred construction and the modified construction, the lower die is mounted upon a suitable bolster or bed plate 29, (see Figs. 8 and 12). The side members 15 of the lower die are fastened to the bolster 29 bybolts which pass through the slots 17 in said side members 15. The movable bottom 16 is held in proper position by pins 30 extending upwardly into the block 19 from an ejecting bar 31. The ejecting bar 31 passes upwardly through the bolster29 and. engages the block 19. The ejecting bar 31 is arranged to be raised by an auxiliary ram or other suitable means. After the dies have forged the blank and are drawn apart, the movable bottom 16 is pushed upwardly between the side members 15 of the lower die by the ejecting bar 31 so as to eject the forging)from said lower die.

isregarding the fact that the lower dies are made of separate pieces, each lower die in eflect has a longitudinal recess in its upper face,'the bottom of which is flat for a portion of the length of said lower die at each end thereof. Said recess is deepest for a short distance at the middle of the lower die, and at its deepest art there are two auxiliary recesses whic leave between them a ridge extending longitudinally of said recess, said ridge being formed by the middle part 23 of the movable bottom 16 of the lower die, together with portions of the end parts 18 of the lower die.

The dies hereinbefore described are single acting and do not require any special devices or movable parts for gripping or holding the side portions or the end portions of the blank while the middle portion of the bottom of the blank is being displaced. Also, special devices for removing the forging are dispensed with, since the middlchmember or movable bottom of the lower die can be raised to eject the forging from the lower die.

The dies shown and hereinbefore described are designed to be used with the particular blank shown in Figs. 13, 14 and 15, but may be changed without departing from the invention so as to be used with blanks of other shapes, the only limitation being that the blank should have a longitudinal portion thereof between its ends which is separated from the side portions: Also, the dies hereinbefore described as upper dies and lower dies may be reversed, or arranged to move horizontally, and either or both of thel upper and lower dies may be made to move.

Other changes may be made in the par ticular construction of thedies shown and described without departing from the invention, and I do not wish to be limited to the details of that particular construction.

\Vhat I claim as my invention is: i 1. A lower die having a longitudinal recess therein, said recess being deepest throughout a region midway of the ends of said die, said recess near the ends of said die being rectan ilar in the cross-section, the bottom of sai recess between the deepest part thereof and the parts thereof which are rectangular in the crosssection inclining upwardly and outwardly, said lower die having two auxiliary recesses in the bottom of said recess near each side wall of said recess, and an upper die cooperating with said lower die and having a flange along each lower longitudinal edge thereof, said flanges projecting downwardly below the under surface of said upper die and extending for part of the length of said upper die at its middle, said flanges of said upper die entering said auxiliary recesses of said lower die when the upper die and the lower die are brought together.

2. An upper forging die whose under surface has a flat face for part of its length at each end thereof and a flat face for part of its length at the middle thereof, said middle face lying in a plane parallel to and below the plane of said end faces, the under surface of said die between said middle under face and each end under face having upwardly and rutwardly inclined faces, each inclined face having a longitudinal recess therein which is U-shaped in cross-section, said upper die having a flange projecting downwardly below said middle under face 011 each side thereof, and a lower die cooperating with said upper die and having a longitudinal recess therein adapted to receive said upper die, the bottom of said recess and the under surface of said upper die being equidistant throughout when the upper die and the lower die are brought together, said lower die having two auxiliary recesses in the bottom of said recess near each side wall thereof, the flanges of said upper die entering said auxiliary recesses when the upper die and the lower die are brought together.

' 3. A lower forging die having a comparatively narrow recess in its upper face, the end portions of said recess being substantially rectangular in cross-section, the bottom of said recess throughout themiddle portion thereof being below the plane of the bottom of said recess at the end portions thereof, said recess being wider for a por tion of its length at its middle than at its ends, the side portions of said lower die on each side of said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank a ainst downward movement, and an upper die cooperating with said lower die and having a downwardly projecting portion shaped to conform to the shape of said recess of said lower die.

4. A lower forging die comprising two side members and a middle member, one side member being arranged on each side of said middle member, said middle member having a fiat upper face at each end and a longitudinal ridge near its middle, the ,upper edge of said ridge being below the plane of mud end faces of said middle member, the

upper surfaces of' said side members at their middles being above the plane of said end faces of said middle member,.said middle member being movable vertically between said side members, and an upper die (:0- operating with said lower die and having its under surface shaped to conform to the upper surface of said middle member of said lower die and its sides shaped to conform to the space between the side members of said lower die, said uppe1 die having a longitudinal groove in its under face arranged to cooperate with the ridge of said middle member of said lower die.

A lower forging die having a longi tudinal recess therein, the side portions of said lower die on each side of] said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward move ment, said recess being deepest throughou. a region midway of the ends o said lower die, said lower die having a longitudina ridge along the bottom of said recess for part of the length of said lower die at its middle, and an upper forging die cooperating with said lower die and having a longitudinal groove in its under face, said ridge of said lower die entering said groove of said upper die when said dies are brought together.

(5. A lower forging die having a longitudinal recess ther' in, said recess being -deepest at the middle of said lower die, the

side portions of said lower die on each side of said recess constituting means for bolding the side portions of a blaot against downward movement, and an, upper die cooperating with said lower die and having the contour of its under surface conforming to the contour of the bottom of said recess of said lower die, said upper die having a laterally projecting shoulder on each side thereof extending over the side portions of said lower die on each side of the recess therein, said shoulders being spaced from the upper surfaces of said side portions,

when the dies are brought together, a distance corresponding to the thickness of the blank to be forged.

7. A lower forging die having a longitudinal recess therein, the side portions of said lower die on each side of said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward movement, said recess being deepest throughout the middle portion thereof, an upper forging die having a portion thereof shaped to enter said recess of said lower die: said upper die and said lower die throughout the middle portions thereof having a ridge cooperating with a groove.

8. A lower forging die having a comparatii'ely narrow recess in its upper face, said recess being deepest at its middle, the side portions of said lower die on each side of said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward movement, the upper surface of said side portions of said lower die at the middle thereof being above the plane of the upper surface of said side portions at the ends of said die, and an upperdie cooperating with said lower die and having a downward projecting portion shaped to conform to the shape of the recess in said lower die.

9. A lower forging die having a comparatively narrow recess in its upper face, the end portions of said recess being substantially rectangular in cross-section, the bottom of said recess at its middle-being below the plane of the bottom of said recess at the end portions thereof, said recess having two parallel longitudinal auxiliary recesses in the bottom thereof, the side portions of said lower die on each side of the recess therein constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward movement, and an upper die cooperating with said lower die and having its,under surface and sides shaped to conform to the bottom and sides respectively of said recess in said lower die, said upper die having downwardly projecting parallel flanges thereon arranged to enter said auxiliary recesses of said lower die.

10. lower forging die having a comparatively narrow recess in its upper face. said recess being widest and deepest throughout the middle portion of said die,

said recess having in the bottom thereof near the middle of said die two parallel auxiliary recesses extending longitudinally of said die, the side portions of said die on each side of said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward movement, and an upper die cooperating with said lower die and having a downwardly projecting portion shaped to conform to the shape of said recess in'said lower die, said upper die having downwardly projecting parallel flanges arranged so enter said auxiliary recesses of said lower 11. A lower forging die having a comparatively narrow recess in its upper face, the bottom of said recess being flat for a portion of its length at each end, said recess being widest and deepest throughout its middle portion, the side portions of said lower dieon each side of said recess constituting means for holding the side portions of a blank against downward movement, and an upper die cooperating with said lower die and having a downwardly projecting portion shaped to conform to the shape of said recess in said lower die.

Signed at St. Louis, Missouri, this 19th day of November, 1914.

WILLIAM D. FORSYTH.

In the presence of NEIL D. PREsToN, MARTHA A. SHELTON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

